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Some 475 companies on the manufacturing top 500 reported their spending on R&D in 2010, compared with 458 the previous year. They spent a total of 261.933 billion yuan, 8.93 percent higher than the previous year's 240.469 billion yuan. Their R&D spending represented 2.03 percent of total sales, 0.08 percent higher than the previous year. Only four companies of the 475 companies spent more than 10 percent of their sales on R&D, while the number a year ago was five. Twenty-seven companies spent 5 to 10 percent of their sales on R&D, versus 35 the previous year. Some 39.37 percent of China's top 500 manufacturing companies spent less than 1 percent of sales on R&D. Although the overall scale of spending rose from the previous year, it was still far from satisfactory, leaving room for improvement as companies raise awareness of the significance of R&D to the development of a company. See Table 2-8 for R&D spending of China's top 500 manufacturing companies.

Table 2-8. R&D spending of China's Top 500 Manufacturing Companies

No. of companies /percentage	>10%				5~10 %				1%~5%				<1%				Total
R&D spending as share of sales revenue	'07	'08	'09	'10	'07	'08	'09	'10	'07	'08	'09	'10	'07	'08	'09	'10	'07	'08	'09	'10
R&D spending as share of sales revenue	7	4	5	4	53	44	35	27	222	229	235	257	184	194	183	187	466	471	458	475
Percentage of China's top 500 companies	1.51	0.85	1.09	0.84	11.38	9.34	7.64	5.68	47.64	48.62	51.31	54.11	39.49	41.19	39.96	39.37	—

R&D investment remained low in 2010, despite a rise in the number of companies which reported their spending and an increase of the absolute amount of R&D spending. For individual companies, the increment of its R&D spending was still dismal. The data gathered from the 475 companies that reported indicated the amount of the R&D expenditure grew considerably, but it still did not come close to international levels. The number of companies who more than doubled their R&D spending in 2010 was 39, representing 8.21 percent of the list, compared to 8.52 percent in 2009. The number of companies who increased their R&D spending by 50 to 100 percent was 43, accounting for 9.05 percent of the list, down from 13.54 percent in the previous year. The number of companies who increased their R&D spending by 30 to 50 percent was 47, accounting for 9.89 percent of the list, up from 11.14 percent. See Table 2-9, 2-10 for details.

Table 2-9. R&D spending growth rate of China's top 500 manufacturing companies in 2010

R&D Spending Growth Rate	> 100%	50~100%	30%~50%	0%~30%	< 0%	Total
No. of cos	39	43	47	225	121	475
Percentage (%)	8.21	9.05	9.89	47.37	25.47	—

Table 2-10. Growth rate of R&D spending of China's top 500 manufacturing companies in 2009

R&D Spending Growth Rate	> 100%	50~100%	30%~50%	0%~30%	< 0%	Total
No. of cos	39	62	51	208	98	458
Percentage (%)	8.52	13.54	11.14	45.40	21.40	—

Summary	Report on Top 500 Manufacturers of China in 2010
Chapter I.	Scale and Distribution Features
Chapter II.	Performance Features
Chapter III.	Industrial Structure and Distribution
Chapter IV.	Regional Distribution
Chapter V.	Ownership Distribution
Chapter VII.	Major Problems