In the post-Cold War period, the international community faces a series of global threats and challenges, ranging from natural disasters and epidemics to terrorism and the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. Avoiding economic and financial crises are also an acute challenge to world members. To better resolve these issues, cooperation among all world members are desperately needed. At the Pittsburgh Summit held in September 2009, G20 countries reached a consensus to replace the G7 with the G20 as the main channel to resolve global economic and financial issues, a move that reflects the fact that not only developed countries, but also cooperation between developed nations and emerging economies are badly needed to tackle some major global issues.

BRICS members, as the main representatives of developing countries, have played an irreplaceable role in the handling of global financial and economic issues. The increased votes and representation extended by the IMF and the World Bank to some emerging economies have underscored this tendency. It also marks the first step of the international society toward reforming the long-controversial international financial system.

As part of their active participation in global efforts to create good governance, emerging countries have joined international efforts to deal with climate change since the early 1990s and helped sign the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the Kyoto Protocol and other documents. However, a handful of documents alone are not enough to deal with climate change, a complex issue that can only be resolved under a new global international mechanism.

BRIC nations played a very important role at the Copenhagen and Cancun conferences and will continue to play their role.

The rise of emerging countries is expected to help set up a more just and reasonable international political and economic order.

While facilitating world economic development, globalization has also brought varying effects to different countries, aggravating the polarization of global wealth between the rich and poor nations. The emergence of some developing countries as a group is a result of their unremitting efforts at self-development over the past decades.

Undoubtedly, their development experiences, successful or unsuccessful, will offer helpful lessons for other developing countries. At the same time, their global governance efforts, which will take into consideration the interests of developing nations, will promote global economic development in a more balanced manner and push international relations in a more reasonable direction.

It is expected that the Sanya Summit will enhance consensuses among BRICS countries, strengthen mutual coordination and deepen mutual cooperation to help the group play a bigger role in international affairs.

The author is a senior researcher with the Center for US-China Relations at Tsinghua University.