Zhang Zhongjing

Zhang Zhongjing (c. 150-c. 219), also named Zhang Ji, is a preeminent Chinese doctor from Nanyang (present-day Nanyang, Henan Province) of the late Eastern Han Dynasty. He is revered as the "Sage of Chinese Medicine" by later generations.

In Zhang Zhongjing's time, constant plagues in Nanyang cost many lives, most of whom died from typhoid fever. Grieved by the people's misery, Zhang made up his mind to delve into the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. After decades of hard work, he completed Shang Han Za Bing Lun (Treatise on Cold Pathogenic and Miscellaneous Diseases), a comprehensive treatise on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that established the principle of applying clinical treatment based on accurate identification of symptoms and careful analysis of the disease. This became the guideline for diagnosing and treating all fever-related diseases, benefiting TCM practitioners of later ages..

Shang Han Za Bing Lun is a masterpiece encompassing the medical and pharmacological theories of the Qin and the Han dynasties, which have been widely used in medical practices. It is a TCM classic of far-reaching influences, China's first monograph on clinical treatment, and a go-to reference for TCM learners.

Zhang Zhongjing's medical theories made great contributions to the medical development and people's health in ancient China as well as to modern medical research. They have also exerted immense influences on the medical development of the Korean Peninsular, Vietnam, Indonesia, Singapore, and Mongolia. A Temple of the Medical Sage is built in Nanyang in honor of Zhang for his medical expertise and professional ethics.

張仲景

張仲景（約公元150～154年—約公元215～219年），名機，字仲景，東漢末年南陽郡（今河南省南陽市）人，著名醫學家，被后人尊稱為“醫圣”。

東漢時期，南陽地區接連發生瘟疫，許多人因此喪生，其中尤以死于傷寒病的人最多。張仲景內心十分悲憤，便痛下決心，潛心研究傷寒病的診治。經過數十年含辛茹苦的努力，張仲景終于寫成《傷寒雜病論》，論述了分析病情、認識證候及臨床治療的“辨證施治”原則。這一原則不僅為診療一切外感熱病提出了綱領性的法則，同時也給中醫臨床各科找出了診療規律，成為指導后世醫家臨床實踐的基本原則。

《傷寒雜病論》集秦漢以來醫藥理論之大成，并廣泛應用于醫療實踐，是中國醫學史上影響深遠的中醫學典籍之一，也是中國第一部臨床治療學方面的巨著，成為后學者研習中醫必備的經典著作。

張仲景的醫學理論對中國古代醫學的發展和百姓健康作出了巨大貢獻，并對現代醫學研究作出重大貢獻，深刻影響朝鮮、越南、印度尼西亞、新加坡、蒙古國等國的醫學發展。后人研究張仲景的醫理，敬仰其醫術和醫德，在河南省南陽市為其修建了“醫圣祠”。