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The construction of China's coastal ports focuses on
transportation systems for coal, containers, iron ore imports,
grain, RORO operations between mainland and islands, and deep-water
access to the sea - in particular, strengthening container
transport systems. The government concentrated on the construction
of a group of deep-water container wharves at Dalian, Tianjin,
Qingdao, Shanghai, Ningbo, Xiamen and Shenzhen, and thus laid the
foundation for China's container hubs. The coal transportation
system has been further strengthened with the construction of a
number of coal loading and unloading wharves. In addition, wharves
handling crude oil and iron ore imports have been reconstructed and
expanded. By the end of 2005, China's coastal ports have had over
2,500 berths of medium size or above, of which 1,030 were
10,000-ton-class berths; their handling capacity was 75 million
standard containers a year, ranking first in the world for the
third year running.
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China has ten ports whose freight volumes exceed 100 million tons a
year. The ports of Shanghai, Shenzhen, Qingdao, Tianjin, Guangzhou,
Xiamen, Ningbo and Dalian are listed among the worlds top 50
container ports. Shanghai Port was the largest port in the world,
as its freight volume in 2005 reached 443 million tons, exceeding
Singapore Port for the first time.??